Goji berries are principally grown in the northwestern parts of Tibet and China. In fact, goji berries are grown in the wild throughout the temperate regions of China. For ages, traditional Chinese medicine has incorporated the benefits of goji berry juice as an integral part of its therapeutic must haves and is even used in soups, teas and rice meals in China. The small, vibrantly red, and extremely delicate Himalayan goji berries come from the Lycium plant, which is an evergreen bush with tall vines reaching up to 10 to 15 feet. It calls for sunlight and grows best in hot and dry summers. The small, red raisins with a sweet and sour taste contain possibly the highest number of nutrients than any other fruit on the planet has.

The benefits of raw organic goji berries are endless to say the least. These include protection of the liver, better sexual function and higher fertility, improvement in blood circulation and so on. By increasing stamina and giving strength to the legs, goji berry is believed to improve physical performance. It has also proved its merit in the prevention of age-related eyesight deterioration, reduction of cholesterol levels, and relief from menstrual pains. It addresses the healing of hepatitis and cancer. Rich in 18 amino acids and 21 minerals like zinc, copper, iron, germanium, calcium, selenium, and phosphorus, goji berries have the vital elements required for a healthy body. Organically grown goji berries are a great source of carotenoids. The high antioxidant content makes these berries extremely prized. Presence of polysaccharides, which are sugar molecules in goji berry, supports the immune system of the body. Being moderately low in calories and fat content, this fruit also helps in the process of weight loss. Of late it has been found that cancer patients elicited better response when goji was added to their medical course or therapy. Perhaps the anti-oxidants present in this “health food’ helps to prevent cancer cell growth.

After knowing the health benefits of goji berry, the next question that strikes the mind is which type of goji berry is most beneficial. There is no ideal answer to this question, but the two most preferred types include Dried Goji Berry and Goji Berry Juice.

Dried Goji Berries: One of the most versatile forms of goji berries are Organic Dried Goji Berries. They can be consumed directly or can be used in various recipes. The advantage of having them raw is that they do not lose their nutrition value.

Goji Berry Juice: Goji juice is the most popular form of having goji berry. Besides, it is more convenient to have it as juice than consuming dried goji berries. They can be simply crushed in a blender and served by mixing in milk or other dairy products. Thus, it doesn’t stick to the teeth unlike goji fruit.

Though there are several portals on the Web, what gives an edge over others is the availability of genuine goji berry products. The latest on their list of products is the mouth watering chocolate goji clusters.

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The Goji Berry is also being called the world?s most powerful anti-aging food. Goji berries are almost never found in their fresh form outside of their production regions, and are usually sold in open boxes and small packages in dried form. Goji berries are usually used directly, and do not need to be rehydrated prior to use. Goji Berries contain many complex compounds. Betaine, which is used by the liver to produce choline, a compound that calms nervousness, enhances memory, promotes muscle growth, and protects against fatty liver disease. Physalin, which is active against all major types of leukemia.

It has too been used as a handling for hepatitis B. Solavetivone, a strong anti-fungal and anti-bacterial mix. Beta-Sitoserol, an anti-inflammatory broker. It has been used to handle intimate powerlessness and prostate growth. It too lowers cholesterol. Cyperone, a sesquiterpene that benefits the eye and blood force. It has too been used in the handling of cervical cancer. Goji fruit has traditionally been taken internally in the treatment of high blood pressure, diabetes, poor eyesight, vertigo, lumbago, impotence and menopausal complaints. Goji fruit is harvested when fully ripe and is dried for later use.

Goji is too a better origin of vital fatty acids, which is really unique for a fruit. Goji is being investigated as a nutrient that is able of reducing the incidence of cancer and too as a way of halting or reversing the increase of cancers. Goji berries are eaten decent off the vine. They have a really tasty, tasty smell, and are really juicy. They are too really better when dried. Goji berries assist the exempt structure to differentiate more effectively between supporter and enemy. The fruit?s polysaccharides offer cells with particular sugars that back robust exemption and enable cells to transmit more effectively with each new.

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Gojies are perhaps the only fruit that contains vitamin E, vitamin B1 and B6. What is more they also come with about 18 amino acids (building blocks of proteins) and about twenty one trace minerals. And you were thinking these are only berries. Goji also possesses essential fatty acids. It is perhaps the richest source of carotenoids on this earth.

If you think that all this is too much and it is nothing sort of a miracle, why not try it for yourself. After all, what you would be losing? And if it is what I am trying to make you realize, just think how much you are going to benefit. If you visit Tibet or Mongolia you would find that for centuries, Goji berries have been prescribed by herbalists for a whole lot of problems. What is more every year a two week festival is held to honor these small red berries. And there are ample reasons for naming it the “happy berry” because local folklore says eating them when you start the day keeps you smiling all through the day.

And Goji berries are not restricted to Mongolia and Tibet. Chinese medicines have used them for centuries and you can find a poem dedicated to their benefits written by the opet Liu Yuxi of the Tang dynasty (772-842 AD). It goes without saying that people residing in this part of the world just love to have Gojies. But in the west, Goji is a little known commodity and just a fraction of the west knows about it. And that is what we intend to do. To let all of you know the essential qualities of Goji berries.

WHAT ACTUALLY IS GOJI BERRY?

The native of Tibet and Mongolia is technically known as Lycium Barbarum (Latin). It comes from the family of Solanaceae (flowering). Some of the other plants of the same family include potatoes, tobacco and tomatoes. Scientists have so far found out eight different varieties of lycium berries. Chinese believe that Chinese Wolfberry as a Goji berry that can cure male sexual dysfunction but scientists claim that Chinese Wolfberry is not actually a true Goji berry and is just related to Lycium Berbarum.

Goji berry is a small bright red fruit that is shaped almost like a raisin and grows on vines with green leaves. You would find that owing to its delicacy the berries are shaken from the vines during harvest and not picked. They are then carefully dried in the shade. When you eat it, you would find it very chewy and taste would be a cross between cranberry and raisin. Goji berry is also known as happy berry, gou qu zi and gouqi.

IMPORTANCE OF GOJI BERRIES

Actually it is not just possible to include all the benefits of Goji berry here but let us have a cursory look at it. Gojies are rich sources of vitamins and other nutrients. They contain vitamin B1, B2, B6, C and E and also has about eighteen amino acids. They are considered perhaps the richest source of vitamin C. only Australian billygoat plum and the South American camu camu are better sources. As for minerals, they contain zinc, phosphorus, germanium, iron and calcium in different proportions. What is more they also contain antioxidants essential to human health.

It is true that Goji berries are still an unknown commodity in most parts of the world but it is surely gaining good grounds in the west. And why not, after all, it is perhaps one of the most nutritious natural products available on the earth. With time the whole world has to awake to its potential benefits but since now you know what it is all about, treat yourself to Goji berries. There is nothing for you lose with it. There are only gains associated with Goji and you would do well to avail it.

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The highest quality goji berry is Himalayan, but many other varieties, including those grown in Western China, Mongolia and Tibet also have powerful effects.

There are many types of goji berry, and in Tibet alone, there are 40 different varieties. The best goji products use goji berries that have the active ingredients, Polysaccharides, which facilitate the communication between cells. These products have been tested through cellular analysis to ensure that the highest quality goji berries are used.

Imagine a small red berry, about the size of a grape, growing on a vine in the hills of Tibet and Inner Mongolia. A small red berry that harvesters are careful to avoid touching with their bare hands so as not to oxidise the flesh of the fruit. It is just a small red berry containing more amino acids than bee pollen, more protein than whole wheat and more beta-carotene than carrots. A little red berry that will dry to the size of a currant in the shade of the mountains within which it has grown before being exported across the globe to those who have only recently, despite its 2000year plus traditional history, discovered it.

Goji comes in many forms these days, including juice, goji bars, goji cream and goji capsules. An excellent tea can be made from goji leaves and goji flowers are decorative and beautiful.

It is said that the Himalayans were the first natural healers, and that they shared their wisdom with the ancient herbalists of China, Tibet, and India. One of their most prized secrets was the fruit of the native goji vine, which had been flourishing in the Himalayan valleys since the beginning of time.

Those who came there to learn took the goji home with them and planted it in their own valleys, thus spreading the legend of this most marvelous and healthful fruit.

Goji is packed with anti-oxidants, powerful molecules that mop up free radicals before they can damage body cells. In Chinese trials, goji shut down cell aging in as little as six hours after the first dose. The credit goes to goji’s poly-saccharides. They boost the body’s production of human growth hormone, which helps build toned muscle and repair skin cells.

Experts say sipping of goji juice daily for as little as three weeks, improves your immune system’s ability to fend off infections. How? Goji’s amino acids and minerals trigger a 300% boost in white blood cell function and double production of infection-fighting proteins. Goji’s polysaccharides actually make viruses more visible to the immune cells that are trying to destroy them.

Research has shown that many of the world’s longest living people consume regular daily helpings of a tiny red fruit that may just be the world’s most powerful food – the goji berry.

It is interesting to have a look at what the plant contains:

1. Contains 19 amino acids — the building blocks of protein — including nine that essential to the body.

2. Contains 21 trace minerals.

3. Contains more protein than whole wheat

4. Contains Vitamin C at higher levels than oranges.

5. Contains complete spectrum of antioxidant carotenoids, including beta-carotene (a better source than even carrots) and zeaxanthin (protects the eyes). Goji berries are among the richest source of carotenoids of all known foods.

6. Contains Solavetivone, a powerful anti-fungal and anti-bacterial compound.

7. Contains essential fatty acids, which are required for the body’s production of hormones and the smooth functioning of the brain and nervous system.

8. Contains Beta-Sitosterol, an anti-inflammatory agent.

The fruit is eaten either fresh or dried and can be added to cooking, cereals, trail mixes or smoothies as well as being eaten alone. The flavor of the Goji berry is difficult to describe ? sweet with a slight tartness (similar to a cranberry but sweeter).

Incredibly high in iron, Goji berries are exceptionally nutrient rich. They are especially high in Vitamins A, C, E, B1, B2 and B6, and contain considerably more Vitamin C than an orange. The Goji berry has also been found to contain other complex compounds, such as Betaine (useful for improving liver function and reputed to enhance memory), Solavetivone (a compound containing anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties), and Beta-Sitoserol (an anti-inflammatory agent that may also help in the treatment of hypertension). An average daily serving of a cup of dried Goji berries would also contain 4grams each of dietary fiber and protein.

Wolfberry fruits contain phytochemicals with antioxidant activity and could slow the ageing process. A study showed that wolfberry fruit phytochemicals help to prevent oxidation of DNA and helps to restore damaged DNA.

Studies suggest that wolfberry extracts could inhibit DNA mutation and stop the growth of cancer cells. All studies show that regression of many types of cancer could be obtained with patients, treated with LAK/IL-2 and LBP.

The phytochemical zeaxanthin dipalmitate showed a hepaprotective effect on liver cells treated with carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity.

Wolfberry fruits have traditionally been used in China to improve vision disorders such as cataracts, retinopathy and macular degeneration. Studies have shown that wolfberry reduce dark adapting time and improve vision under subdued light. This action may be attributed to the phytochemicals lutein and zeaxanthin, which neutralizes the free radicals formed by sunlight.

Goji berries grow naturally wild and in profusion in the remote ills and valleys of the Himalayas of Tibet and Inner Mongolia and can be harvested with ease.

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Ali Parsaeimehr1

1.PhD student at the field of plant Biotechnology at the National Academy Of science institute of G.S.Davtyan Institute of Hydroponics Problems NAS RA and Academician of young researcher organization.

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Abstract: it is clear that Plants, as a renewable source with low energy consumption that can offer complex biochemical syntheses even in medicinal purposes , between the synthesis compounds of plants alkaloids play an important but dilemma role at these aims? , alkaloids for plants known as a secondary metabolite which could by? essential for plants ecological surviving but it s a question remaining are these compound?s as a source for medical uses that it s going to world spread are vital for animals cells or not ?, well through this question a disquisition have been done for clearing some of the answers , we know that cells in both kingdom of plants or animals regulate intra from extra environment well these adjustment? and regulations applies by use of? ions channels? (Na+ ,K? , Ca? , Cl?) or the activity of? Na?/K? pump well we can safely assume that? behavior and the mobility? of ions? guarantied the cells vital. Some of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids in plants, known as the inhibitors of Na+, K?, ATPas or some of plant alkaloids like Harmaline, Nitidine, Capsaicin, Soleonopsin could disrupt these act , the molecular? structure of plant alkaloid with some vital compound?s in cells? and their similarity of theme could be the reason of their serious potential of act as an inhibitor or resonancer in animals cells vitality well Amino acids like Phe, Tyr, Try have Many physiologically active, and have limited distributions in the plant kingdom for example the strychnine alkaloids from the dried seeds of Strychnos vux vomica could be play a deadly way in the vitality of animals Kingdome and according to this acaealepsy we can safely assume there are too many targets for alkaloids acts such as: plasma membrane , ribosome?s or even DNA or RNA in animals cells ,? The other location for alkaloids effects are the neurotransmitters? which closely coupled and band with ion channels (Na+ ?K? , Ca? ? Cl?) as a fact the receptors or ion channels both are incipit for nervous signals ?and as a consequences affected? one of them? by inheritors or resonators? could occasion the vitality of animal cells. It?s amazing that the plant alkaloids even could show allergic sign in the animals cell? which its refers to the immunological responds to the? plants alkaloids? for instance alkaloids such as coumarins, furanocoumarine could act in this importance, the Mechanism of Allelochimical Activities in Antiviral, Antimicrobial and Allelopathic Interactions of alkaloids are the other mysterious role of these kind of secondary metabolites in animals vitality There are circumstantial evidence that some alkaloids such as Quinolizidine alkaloids protect the producing plants against viruses, bacteria , fungi, and other plants , relative to alkaloidesanimal interaction , these modes of action have been less well or hardly at all, a number of antimicrobial alkaloids such as sanguinarine, quinine , or berberine intercalate with viral and microbial DNA to bind it well these compounds may thus inhibit process such as DNA replication and RNA transcription which are vital for the microorganisms or animal cells, Well all in all alkaloids augment which is far from complete shows that many plant alkaloids inhibiter or over stimulate central process at the cellular or organ level. In this completion only a limited of structures have been discussed.

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?Key word: plants Alkaloids, animals cell vitality, antimicrobial effects

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1.Introduction: In toadies world use of medicines by the base of plants between the nations and countries have been wide spread and the effect of these kinds of drugs are undeniable but of course it?s better that we show the effect of secondary metabolites compounds and between them ,the alkaloids which synthesizes in plants cells and

shows their dilemmas effect of these kind of secondary metabolites, well according to cells biology and their? metabolites , cell s adjust their intra ?from? extra environment in a caution way , these adjustment? and regulations applies by use of? ions channels? (Na+ ,K? , Ca? , Cl?) or the activity of? Na?/K? pump well we can safely assume that ?behavior and the mobility? of ions ?guarantied the cells vital(Alberts et al.1993). Some of secondary metabolites such as cardiac glycoside in plants, insects and a kind of toads from the family of (Bufonidae) have been discovered, these kinds of secondary metabolites known as the inhibitors of Na+, K?, ATPas or some of plant alkaloids like Harmaline, Nitidine, Capsaicin, Soleonopsin which act as the same way and affect at Na+, K?, ?ATPas or ion channels and as it clearly shown these ions plays a vital role in order to cells vitality or even at the animals nervous system (Mann, J. 1992).in animals cells most of the cells activities such as endo- exocytose, cells division? is by base of microtubules or microfilaments activities in these suit some of Alkaloids such as ??Colchicines, Maytansin, Taxol, Vinca Alkaloids ?have the potential of coupling? with theme and inhibiter their activities due the cells progress , these expanded domain of activity of plants alkaloids in animals cell and the reason of it should by search in their molecular structure.

2. Discussion & Deliberation of Alkaloids potential: alkaloids have been extracted from and found in ~20% of vascular plants, their Compounds usually basic (alkaline) ~40,000 compounds currently described and Structurally the most diverse class of secondary metabolites and most of them use for medicinal usage like Morphine (painkiller),Vincristine (anticancer agent) , Cocaine (anesthetic, drug of abuse), Caffeine (stimulant) , well its seems that the best describe of this kind of secondary metabolites have been done at 1963 through their? chemotaxonomy and by this base they remain in 3 group such as:

Proto alkaloids .3??????? Pseudo alkaloids .2????? ?????Proper alkaloids .1

2.1.1. Proper alkaloid: they also known as true alkaloids we can describe them as the fallow: Basic Nitrogen part of a heterocyclic ring system, Chemically complex, Derived biosynthetically from amino acids, especially the cyclic ,Amino acids: Phe, Tyr, Try, Many physiologically active, and have limited distributions in the plant kingdom for example the strychnine alkaloids from the dried seeds of Strychnos vux vomica. Small tree found from India to

Northern Australia. Fruit is a large berry with a hard coat and pulpy interior containing 3-5 fleshy grey seeds ? contain ~1.2% strychnine, 60mg can kill an adult by the way we can say that the highly potential of it s activity is by the base of it molecular structure( Habermehi, G. 1983, Mann, J. 1992.).

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And as we can see strychnine, simply coupled with L-tryptophan one of the most important amino acid?? in cells vitality (Albert?s ET al.1993).

2.2.2. Pseudo alkaloid: Nitrogen containing (physiologically active) compounds not derived from amino acids, the purine ring is gradually elaborated by piecing together small components from primary metabolism for example caffeine the alkaloids which extracted from coffee

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2.2.3. Proto alkaloids:? they have?? physiologically active, Nitrogen atom is outside the ring system and this is the reason for nominated them as proto alkaloids well the alkaloids such as ephedrine or colchicines are one of the good examples of these kinds of alkaloids which play medicinally rolls in the industry of drugs. COLCHISINE the copesetic alkaloid of the Colchicum autumnale plant the family of Liliaceae which sustainability band through

Tubulin in a compeer of 1:1 (the Antimitotic potential) and thus inhibits the assembly of microtubules and as a consequence the meiotic spindle of dividing cells disappear suddenly after colchicines treatment and the chromatids no longer separated but whereas the animal cells die under this condition the plant cells become polyploidy? and? leads in breeding programs, using this alkaloid as an anticancer because of its Antimitotic potential widespread but after a while because of its damage to cells skeleton colchisin lay away and another alkaloid by the base of it by the name of colcemide use in this aim well this alkaloids because of their

Lipophilicity potential, simply absorb by cells and its clear why the family of colchicum plants are not attack by herbivores (Teuscher E et al.1995).

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2.3. The effect of Alkaloids on Neurotransmitter Receptors: the nerve single transduction in the central nervous system and in neuromuscular junction is mediated by receptor proteins residing in the membrane which directly or indirectly coupled with ion channels the neurotransmitters involve include (Alberts et al.1993). among others adrenalin(NA),serotonin, dopamine, histamine, glycine, GABA, and acetylcholine have been deduced to ion channels ,to many plant alkaloids have the similar molecular structure? with these neurotransmitters for? instance acetylcholine? and histamine in sting hairy roots of Urtica or serotonin and dopamine in several species, and the acts can be:

I. The receptor itself through inhibition or overstimulation

II.The enzymes that deactivate neurotransmitters after they have bound to a receptor

III.Transport process, which are important for storage of the neurotransmitters in synaptic

IV.Enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of a neurotransmitter (Mothes, K.et al.1985, Robinson, T. A. 1981).

Table I. some of the alkaloids as inhibitors of Neurotransmitters

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Enzyme????????????????????????????????? Natural Substrate?????????????????????????? ?????????Alkaloid???????????????? ?????occurrence (plant)

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?? Acetylcholine esterase ??????????????????????????Acetylcholine??????????????????????????? Physostigmine (eserine)??? Physostigma veneosum?????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Berberine????????????????????? ?????several papaveracea

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????Coptisine?????????????????????? ????several papaveracea

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????Galanthamine??????????????? ???several Amaryllidaceae

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????Chaconine?????????????????????? ?Solanum

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????Solanine???????????????????????? ??Solanum

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????Solanidine??????? ????????????????Solanum

????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Huperzine A???????????????? ????Huperzia srrata

?? Monoamine oxidase????????????????????????? ???NA. dopamine, Serotonin??????????? Harmaline???????????????? ???????Pegamum

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? histamine?????????????????????????????? Harmine?????????????????????????? Peganum

???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????Ephedrine??????????????????????? Ephedra

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The other location for alkaloids effects are the neurotransmitters? which closely coupled and band with ion channels (Na+ ?K? , Ca? ? Cl?) as a fact the receptors or ion channels both are incipit for nervous signals? and as a consequences affected? one of them? by inheritors or resonators? could occasion the vitality of animal cells (Rosenthal, et al.1992).

All animals need to transport nutrients, hormones, ions, signals compounds, O2 and CO2 between the different organs of the body well this achieved in higher animals through blood in the circulatory system.Inhibitorrs of its motor, the heart ,were discussed earlier . But the synthesize of red blood cells is also vulnerable and can inhibited by antimiotic alkaloids , such as vinblastin or colchisin and some allelochemicals have hemolytic properties, such as saponins and steroidal alkaloids , these compounds complex membrane sterls and make cells leaky these effected consequently effected the vitality of animal cells(Teuscher E. and Lindequist, U. 1994).

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Table II .The Alkaloids which known as inheritors or resonators for nervous signal transmission

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?????????????????? Receptor?s?? ?????????????????????????Ligand???? ???????????????????????????Alkaloids???????????? ???????????????Occurrence(plant)

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??? ???Acetylcholine receptor ???????????????Acetylcholine???????????????? ????????????Nicotine????????????????????? ??????Nicotinana, many other plants

???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????C-toxiferine??????????????? ????????strychnos

?????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Tubocurarine?????? ??????????????Chondodendron

? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Cytosine and other QA??? ?Several legumes

???????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Lobeline???????????????????? ????????Lobelia

????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Anabasine???????????????? ????????Anabasis , Nicotiana

????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Hyoscyamine (atropine)???? Atropa, Hysoscyamus, Datura.

????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Scopolamine???????????????????? ??Several Solanaceae

????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Arecoline????????????????????????????? Areca

????? Adrenergic receptors ????????Noradrenaline/adrenaline???????????? ????Norlaudanosoline?????????????? ??Papaveraceae

???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Ephedrine, norephedrine? ???Ephedra

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Its amazing that the plant alkaloids even could show allergic sign in the animals cell? which its refers to the immunological responds to the? plants alkaloids? for instance alkaloids such as coumarins, furanocoumarine, hypercin , helenalin , Activation or repression of the immune response are certainly targets that were selected during evaluation as an antiherbivore strategy(Luckner et.al.1990).

2.4. Mechanism of Allelochimical Activities in Antiviral, Antimicrobial and Allelopathic Interactions of alkaloids:

There are circumstantial evidence that some alkaloids such as Quinolizidine alkaloids that protect the producing plants against viruses, bacteria , fungi, and other plants , relative to alkaloids animal interaction , these modes of action have been less well or hardly at all, a number of antimicrobial alkaloids such as sanguinarine, quinine , or berberine intercalate with viral and microbial DNA to bind it well these compounds may thus inhibit process such as DNA replication and RNA transcription which are vital for the microorganisms, protein biosynthesis in ribosome?s is another vulnerable target for plant alkaloids even the stability of biomembranes can be disrobed by steroidal alkaloids(Luckner et.al.1990).

? In another view even herbicidal properties or germination inhibition which can be observed in plant-plant interactions, can also proceed via the above mentioned mechanisms but interaction with growth hormones and their metabolites also must be considered (Wagner, H. 1993).

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3. Counclusion:

Plants, as a renewable source with low energy consumption that can offer complex biochemical syntheses, will be even more compatible in the future. Well all in all alkaloids augment which is far from complete shows that many plant alkaloids inhibiter or over stimulate central process at the cellular or organ level. in this completion only a limited of structures have been discussed .In many instance , plants contain mixture of related alkaloids , which only differ for particular substitution patterns well this allelochemical properties are requisite for chemical defense compound in an ecological context? for surviving of plants but also constitute the base for their exploitation in medicine or agriculture, well after all of these dilemma situation we should use medicines by the source of plants in a secure and caution way ??but to many experiments demands through this complicated way.

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4. References:????????????????

Alberts, B. D., Lewis, J. Raff, M., Roberts, K. and Watson, J. D. 1993. .Molecular Biology of the Cell.3rd ed . Garland. New York. Habermehi, G. 1983. Gifttiere and ihre Waffen. Springer. Berlin. Harborne, J. B. 1993. introduction to Eclogical Biochemistry.4 th ed. Academy press. san Diego. Luckner, M. 1990 Secondery Metabolism in Microorganism.Plants and Animals .Springer, Berlin. Luckner, M. 1990. Secondary Metabolism in Microorganisms, Plants and Animal, Springer, Berlin mann,J..1992, Murder,Magic and Medicine.Oxford University Press. London. Mann, J. 1992. Murder Magic and medicine.Oxfordr University press .London. Mothes, K., Schutte, H. R. and Luckner, M. 1985. Biochemistery of Alkaloides .VCH. Weinheim. Robinson, T. A. 1981. The Biochemistry of alkaloids, Springer. Berlin. Rosenthal, G. A. and Berenbaum, M. R. 1992. Herbivores: Theair Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites vol.Academic Press, San Diego. Teuscher E. and Lindequist, U. 1994. Biogene Gifte. Fischer. Stuttgart. Urk H, Schipper D, Breedveld GJ, Paul RM, Scheffers WA, van Dijken JP (1989) Biochim Biophys Acta 992: 78 Scopes RK (1989) In: van Unden N (ed), Alcohol toxicity in yeast and bacteria, CRC Press Inc, p. 89 Wagner, H. 1993. Pharmazeutische Biologie . 2. Drogen and ihre Inhalisstoffe, Fisher, Stuttgart. Zhou, G.M. 1980. Studies on useful compounds of Bai-Zhi for healing Yin- Hsieh Ping. Chung-Chen-Yau Res. 4: 33. (In Chinese). Zhou, G.M., C.G. Yu, Y.C. Han, and C.T. Mun. 1988. Studies on Bai-Zhi. IV. The toxicity test of useful compounds. Med. J. China Hospital 8: 220-221. (In Chinese).

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Goji berry is a member of the wolfberry family and is known by the scientific name of Lycium barbarum. It’s credited with increasing the life span and having several health improving properties. It is one of the richest natural nutrients available on earth. It is said that the Chinese have been using Goji berry, as a food and a medicine, for more than five thousand years.

Nutritional value of Goji Berries

Goji berry is a rich source of nutrients and amino acids. It contains 18 amino acids, 21 trace minerals and several vitamins and minerals. It has six times more amino acids than bee pollen, 500 times more Vitamin C by weight than oranges, more iron than spinach, and more Beta carotene than carrots. Goji berry contains minerals like Calcium and Magnesium, and Vitamins B1, B2, B6 and Vitamin E, normally found in grains and seeds and rarely in fruits. In addition, these berries contain many complex compounds and phytonutrients. High levels of protein content (13% of these berries are protein – higher than whole wheat), and antioxidants are other nutrient highlights. In addition, Goji berries contain Beta-sitosterol, Betaine, and essential fatty acids. With all this nutrition packed into it, it is small wonder that these berries have a great medicinal and health value.

Benefits of Goji Berries

Goji berries have been used in traditional systems of medicine to treat various conditions like anemia, cough and inflammation. It has also been used for improving the immune system, protection of the liver, and improving eyesight. Apart from the curative properties, Goji berry is believed to have a positive effect on the health and wellness of those consuming it, and benefits the user with longevity, increased vitality and sexual prowess.

Elderly patients, who were given Goji berries thrice a week, reported several benefits, including improved sleep, better appetite and recovery of sexual function in some cases.

Antioxidants combat free radicals, which are responsible for damaging cells and DNA, increasing the risk of cancer and aiding the ageing process. The high level of antioxidants in Goji berries ensures that the ageing process is slowed down. It is believed that Goji berries have contributed to the freedom from diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, heart diseases, stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease in the people of Asia who have been consuming this fruit.

About the plant

Goji berry grows in protected valleys with vines reaching up to heights of 4 m. The plant grows in sandy or clay soil conditions under semi shade or no shade. The fruits are never plucked by hand since they are very sensitive and can be spoilt if they are touched by hand at this stage. Instead the fruits are shaken on to a mat and then dried in the shade.

Dosage and consumption details

Goji berries taste somewhat like raisins. They can be taken alone or mixed with other ingredients. Daily dosage could be about 10-30 grams.

The best way to take dried Goji berries is to wash them in water and soak them for a short while, before consuming. You can at reasonable prices at most Chinese stores.

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